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I am a woman, I live in one city and I travel with my husband to another city for some purpose or to walk about and go shopping. Sometimes, the time for Maghrib or ‘Isha comes and we go and look for a mosque that has room for women to pray, but we cannot find such a place. So my husband prays but I cannot find a place to pray.
Allah knows that we look hard but unfortunately as I said sometimes we have no success, so I pray in the car sitting down.
My question is, is my prayer offered in this manner valid, knowing that I have done this more than once? Please advise me.
Praise be to Allah.
What you did is not correct, because standing when one is able to do so is an essential part of the prayer. You could pray in the mosque, in the men’s room, after the men have left. If you cannot find a mosque then you can pray on the ground in any place.
Praying in cars , planes, trains or other means of conveyance, where one cannot face the qiblah or pray standing, is not permissible in the case of obligatory prayers unless two conditions are met:
If these two conditions are met, then it is permissible to pray in the vehicle . The evidence for it being permissible to pray in this case is the general meaning of the verses in which Allah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“Allah burdens not a person beyond his scope.” [Al-Baqarah 2:286]
“So keep your duty to Allah and fear Him as much as you can.” [Al-Taghabun 64:16]
“and [Allah] has not laid upon you in religion any hardship.” [Al-Hajj 22:78]
If it is said, if I am allowed to pray in these vehicles, should I face the qiblah and should I pray sitting even though I am able to stand?
The answer is:
If you are able to face the qiblah throughout the prayer, then you must do that, because it is a condition of an obligatory prayer being valid whether one is travelling or not.
If it is not possible to face the qiblah throughout the prayer , then fear Allah as much as you can and do your best, because of the evidence narrated above.
This has to do with obligatory prayers. With regard to supererogatory (nafl) prayers, the matter is more relaxed; it is permissible for the Muslim to pray in the vehicles mentioned no matter what direction they are facing, even if he could get down on the ground at some times, because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to pray nafl prayers on his mount no matter what direction it was facing.
Jabir narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) “used to pray voluntary prayers when he was riding without facing the qiblah .” (Narrated by al-Bukhari, 1094).
But it is better to face the qiblah when starting to pray a nafl prayer, if that is possible when travelling. (See Fatawa al-Lajnah al-Daimah, 8/124)
With regard to offering obligatory prayers sitting down when one is able to stand, that is not permissible because of the general meaning of the verse in which Allah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“And stand before Allah with obedience.” [Al-Baqarah 2:238]
‘Imran ibn Husayn narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to him: “Pray standing; if you cannot, then sitting ; and if you cannot then lying on your side.” (Narrated by al-Bukhari, 1117)
And Allah is the Source of strength. (Fatawa al-Lajnah al-Daimah, 8/126)
And Allah knows best.