Praise be to Allah.
It seems that what is meant in the question is a woman changing her family name to that of her husband after she gets married. This is haram and is not allowed in sharee’ah, because it is not permissible for anyone to claim to belong to anyone other than his or her father. Allah says (interpretation of the meaning): “Call them (adopted sons) by (the names of) their fathers, that is more just with Allah…” [al-Ahzaab 33:5]. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Allah has cursed the one who claims to belong to someone other than his father.”(Reported by Imam Ahmad and others).
And Allah knows best.
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