Praise be to Allah.
The Shar‘i texts clearly indicate that it is obligatory to offer the five daily prayers at the specified times, and that it is not permissible to put together Zhuhr and ‘Asr, and Maghrib and ‘Isha, without any excuse such as sickness, travelling, rain and the like which would make it difficult to offer each prayer at its own time.
Allah, may He be exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning): “Verily, the prayer is enjoined on the believers at fixed hours” [an-Nisa 4:103], i.e., the prayer is obligatory at specific and known times. (See: Fath al-Bari by Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali, 3/7-8)
Ibn Abi Shaybah (2/346) narrated from Abu Musa al-Ash‘ari and ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with them) that they said: “Putting prayers together without any excuse is a major sin.”
With regard to the report narrated by Muslim (1/489) from Ibn ‘Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) put together Zhuhr and ‘Asr, and Maghrib and ‘Isha , when there was no fear and he was not travelling and it was not raining – this does not mean that he put prayers together without any excuse.
Rather it was said to Ibn 'Abbas concerning that: What made him do that? He said: He wanted not to make things difficult for his ummah. In other words, he did not want to cause them hardship and difficulty. This indicates that there was an excuse for putting prayers together in this hadith, and were it not for putting the prayers together it would have caused hardship for the people.
Ibn Baz (may Allah have mercy on him) said in his commentary on Fath al-Bari (2/24):
“The correct way to interpret the hadith mentioned is that he (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) put together the prayers mentioned because of some difficulty that occurred on that day, such as widespread sickness, severe cold or mud and the like. This is indicated by the fact that when he was asked about this putting the prayers together, Ibn 'Abbas said: “so that he would not make things difficult for his ummah.” This is a clear answer which indicates that there was an excuse.”
Based on that, quoting this hadith as evidence is not appropriate. What is required is to offer each prayer at the time specified for it in the Shari`ah. If there is an excuse or reason for putting prayers together, such as sickness or rain, then there is nothing wrong with putting prayers together in that case.
For more, please see this category: Who Have Valid Excuses
And Allah knows best.
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