Praise be to Allah.
There are marfoo‘ Hadiths (reports attributed to the prophet) about the virtue of reading Surah Ad-Dukhan on the night before Friday, but none of them are saheeh (authentic).
- Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever recites Ha-Mim (Surah) Ad-Dukan on the night before Friday will be forgiven.”
It was narrated by At-Tirmidhi (2889) via Hisham Abu Al-Miqdam, from Al-Hasan, from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him).
Then At-Tirmidhi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: “We only know this Hadith through this isnad, and Hisham Abu’l-Miqdam is inauthentic. And Al-Hasan did not hear from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him). This was the view of Ayyub, Yunus ibn ‘Ubayd and ‘Ali ibn Zayd.”
Thus the Hadith has two faults:
- Abu Al-Miqdam Hisham ibn Ziyad (may Allah have mercy on him): the scholars of Hadith unanimously agreed that he is to be regarded as da‘eef. Ibn Hibban said: He narrates fabricated reports from trustworthy narrators, and it is not permissible to quote him as evidence. (See: Tahdhib At-Tahdhib, 11/39)
- There is a break in the chain of narrators between Al-Hasan and Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him).
Hence it was classed as inauthentic by Ibn Al-Jawzi in Al-Mawdu`at (1/247), Ibn Al-‘Arabi in ‘Aridah Al-Ahwadhi, 6/35, and Al-Albani in Da`if At-Tirmidhi.
- In his Tafsir (exegesis) (4/46), Al-Wahidi (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated a Hadith from Ubayy ibn Ka‘b (may Allah be pleased with him) that is similar to the Hadith quoted above, except that its chain of narrators includes Sallam ibn Salim who is accused of lying. Hence, As-Shaykh Al-Albani, in As-Silsilah Ad-Da`ifah (no. 4632), ruled that it is very inauthentic.
Ahmad ibn Mani` also narrated it from Ubayy ibn Ka‘b (may Allah be pleased with him) in his Musnad, as it says in Al-Busayri’s Ithaf Al-Khiyarah Al-Maharah (6/89). Then he said: This chain of narrators is weak because Harun ibn Kathir is not known.
- It was narrated from Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:
“Whoever recites Ha-Mim (Surah) Ad-Dukhan on the night before Friday or on Friday, Allah will build for him a house in Paradise.”
This was narrated by At-Tabarani in Al-Mu`jam Al-Kabir (8/264).
As-Shaykh Al-Albani (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
“(It is) very inauthentic. It was narrated by Al-Asfahani in At-Targheeb wa At-Tarhib (p. 244) from Hafs ibn ‘Umar Al-Mazini: Fidal ibn Jubayr told us, from Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) in a narration attributed directly to the Prophet …”
I [Ash-Shaykh Al-Albani (may Allah have mercy on him)] say: “This chain of narrators is da‘eef jiddan. With regard to Fidal ibn Jubayr, Ibn Hibban said: It is not permissible to quote him as evidence under any circumstances; he narrated Hadiths that have no basis. Because of him, Al-Haythami regarded it as a faulty Hadith and said (2/168): It was narrated by At-Tabarani in Al-Kabeer and its isnad includes Fidal ibn Jubayr, who is very inauthentic, and Hafs ibn ‘Umar Al-Mazini, who is not known, as it says in Al-Lisan.” (Silsilah Al-AHadith Ad-Da`ifah wa Al-Mawdu`ah, 11/191, no. 5112)
This Hadith is also classed as inauthentic in Fatawa Al-Lajnah Ad-Daimah, 3/141.
For more details, please refer to these answers: 6653 , 7699 , 9211 , and 13692 .
And Allah knows best.
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