Praise be to Allah.
If a Muslim has to undergo treatment sessions during the day in Ramadan, there is nothing wrong with him doing that, and if that leads to him vomiting, it does not break the fast, because if a person vomits but does not do so deliberately, it does not break the fast.
Please see the answer to question no. 38205 .
At-Tirmidhi (720) narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever is overcome by the urge to vomit does not have to make up [that day’s fast], but whoever makes himself vomit deliberately, let him make it up.” Classed as sahih by al-Albani in Sahih at-Tirmidhi.
Ibn Qudamah (may Allah have mercy on him) said in al-Mughni (3/23): Whoever makes himself vomit must make up [that day’s fast], but whoever is overcome by the urge to vomit does not have to do anything.
Making himself vomit means doing something to stimulate vomiting; being overcome by the urge to vomit means vomiting involuntarily.
So whoever makes himself vomit has to make up the fast, because his fast is invalidated by that.
But the one who is overcome by the urge to vomit does not have to do anything.
This is the view of most of the scholars.
Al-Khattabi said: I do not know of any difference of opinion among the scholars regarding that. End quote.
We should point out that if what is meant by medical treatments is kidney dialysis, this dialysis does break the fast.
Please see the answers to questions no. 49987 and 38023 .
And Allah knows best.
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